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SSD Data Recovery

SandForce SF-2281 Data RecoveryOCZ Vertex 3/Agility 3 / Kingston HyperX/SSDNow V300 / Corsair Force 3/Force GT

The SandForce SF-2281 was the dominant SATA controller from 2011-2014. Its always-on AES encryption, DuraWrite compression, and RAISE parity make it one of the most difficult controllers for data recovery. Most labs historically declared SF-2281 BSY failures unrecoverable. Our Austin lab uses board-level diagnostics and NAND-level techniques for SandForce SF-2281 recovery.

Louis Rossmann
Written by
Louis Rossmann
Founder & Chief Technician
Updated February 2026
5 min read

SandForce SF-2281 Technical Details

The SandForce SF-2281 was the dominant SATA controller from 2011-2014. Its always-on AES encryption, DuraWrite compression, and RAISE parity make it one of the most difficult controllers for data recovery. Most labs historically declared SF-2281 BSY failures unrecoverable.

SandForce SF-2281 Specifications

Manufacturer
SandForce
Interface
SATA
DRAM Cache
No (HMB)
Channels
8-channel
NAND Types
MLCTLC

Always-on AES encryption, DuraWrite compression, RAISE NAND protection. ACE Data Recovery (datarecovery.net) developed a proprietary tool called ZCopy Ultra for SF-2281 recovery.

Recovery Feasibility

No PC-3000 Support
Chip-Off Not Viable

Always-on AES encryption, DuraWrite compression, RAISE NAND protection. ACE Data Recovery (datarecovery.net) developed a proprietary tool called ZCopy Ultra for SF-2281 recovery.

Drives Using the SandForce SF-2281

The following consumer SSDs use the SandForce SF-2281. If your drive is on this list, the failure modes and recovery approaches described on this page apply to your situation.

SandForce SF-2281 Drive Models

OCZ Vertex 3/Agility 3Kingston HyperX/SSDNow V300Corsair Force 3/Force GTIntel 330/520SanDisk Extreme (SATA)ADATA SP900OWC Mercury ElectraMushkin Chronos

8 models affected

Failure Modes

Each failure mode has a different root cause and requires a different recovery approach. Identifying the correct failure mode is the first step in any recovery.

BSY state (0MB detection)

Drive unresponsive, shows 0MB. DuraWrite compression + AES encryption + RAISE accounting applied simultaneously make recovery extremely challenging. A percentage of random BSODs can lead to fatal panic mode (per ACE Data Recovery's 2015 analysis).

Symptoms you may notice

  • Drive shows 0MB capacity
  • Drive completely unresponsive
  • BSOD followed by drive failure

Related search terms

SandForce SF-2281 BSYOCZ Vertex 3 deadSandForce 0MB fixSF-2281 data recovery

TRIM firmware bugs

Firmware versions 5.0.0 and 5.0.1 had TRIM bugs causing data corruption. The fix was released in firmware 5.0.3. Random BSODs, some leading to fatal panic mode.

Symptoms you may notice

  • Random BSOD
  • Data corruption after TRIM
  • Drive enters panic mode

Related search terms

SandForce TRIM bugSF-2281 BSODOCZ firmware corruption

How We Recover SandForce SF-2281 SSDs

Firmware-Level Recovery

The PC-3000 does not yet have full Active Utility support for the SandForce SF-2281. Recovery relies on manufacturer-specific diagnostic modes, service pin access, and NAND-level techniques.

We monitor PC-3000 firmware updates for new controller support. When utility support becomes available, firmware-level recovery will be the preferred path for this controller.

Chip-Off Recovery

Chip-off is not viable for the SandForce SF-2281 due to hardware encryption or architectural limitations. Recovery depends on accessing the controller through firmware-level tools or manufacturer diagnostic modes.

Always-on AES encryption, DuraWrite compression, RAISE NAND protection. ACE Data Recovery (datarecovery.net) developed a proprietary tool called ZCopy Ultra for SF-2281 recovery.

Pricing

SSD firmware and logical recovery for the SandForce SF-2281 typically costs $300 to $500. Controller-level failures requiring advanced diagnostics are $500 to $1,500. Chip-off recovery, when viable, is $1,500 to $2,500.

See our full pricing breakdown for details. Our No Data, No Fee guarantee means you pay nothing if we cannot recover your files.

Hard Drive Data Recovery Standards & Verification

Our Austin lab operates on a transparency-first model. We use industry-standard recovery tools, including PC-3000 and DeepSpar, combined with strict environmental controls to make sure your hard drive is handled safely and properly. This approach allows us to serve clients nationwide with consistent technical standards.

Open-drive work is performed in a laminar-flow bench filtered to 0.02 µm, verified using TSI P-Trak instrumentation.

Transparent History

Serving clients nationwide via mail-in service since 2008.

Media Coverage

Our repair work has been covered by The Wall Street Journal and Business Insider, with CBC News reporting on our pricing transparency. Louis Rossmann has testified in Right to Repair hearings in multiple states and founded the Repair Preservation Group.

Aligned Incentives

Our "No Data, No Charge" policy means we assume the risk of the recovery attempt, not the client.

LR

Louis Rossmann

Louis Rossmann's well trained staff review our lab protocols to ensure technical accuracy and honest service. Since 2008, his focus has been on clear technical communication and accurate diagnostics rather than sales-driven explanations.

We believe in proving standards rather than just stating them. We use TSI P-Trak instrumentation to verify that clean-air benchmarks are met before any drive is opened.

See our clean bench validation data and particle test video

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do most data recovery labs say SandForce drives are unrecoverable?
The SF-2281 applies AES encryption to all data at the hardware level, even when the user never enabled encryption. SandForce marketed it as AES-256, but the actual implementation is AES-128. On top of that, DuraWrite compression and RAISE NAND parity are applied simultaneously. Standard chip-off recovery is not viable because the raw NAND data is encrypted, compressed, and parity-striped. Specialized tools like ACE Data Recovery's ZCopy Ultra are required instead of PC-3000.
What is DuraWrite and why does it make recovery harder?
DuraWrite is SandForce's inline data compression engine. It compresses data before writing to NAND, which reduces write amplification and extends NAND life. For recovery, this means the data on the NAND chips is not stored in its original form. You need to decompress it using the correct DuraWrite parameters, and those parameters are stored in the controller's internal tables. If those tables are corrupted, reconstruction is required before any data can be read.
My OCZ Vertex 3 shows 0MB capacity. Is the data still there?
The 0MB detection is a BSY state failure common on SF-2281 drives. The controller has entered a panic mode where it cannot read its own firmware tables. The NAND flash still contains your data, but it is encrypted with AES, compressed with DuraWrite, and protected with RAISE parity. About 10% of random BSODs on SF-2281 drives lead to this fatal panic mode. Recovery requires accessing the controller's internal state to reconstruct the encryption and compression parameters.
Were certain SF-2281 firmware versions more problematic?
Firmware versions 5.0.1 and 5.0.2 had documented TRIM bugs that caused data corruption. OCZ released multiple firmware updates to address these issues, but many drives were never updated. Random BSODs were also a known issue across all firmware versions, with roughly 10% of them triggering the fatal panic mode that leads to the 0MB BSY state.
How much does SandForce SF-2281 data recovery cost?
SF-2281 recovery is $500-$1,500, higher than most SATA SSD recoveries due to the always-on encryption and DuraWrite complications. BSY state cases requiring encryption key reconstruction are $500-$1,000. Severe cases needing extended work with specialized tools like ZCopy Ultra are $1,000-$1,500. No charge if recovery is unsuccessful.

Not an SSD issue? We also recover hard drives, RAID arrays, and iPhones.

SSD Recovery Overview →

Nationwide Mail-In Data Recovery Service

We serve all 50 states with secure mail-in data recovery. Ship your failed drive to our Austin lab using our free shipping kit, and we'll diagnose it within 24-48 hours. No geographic limitations—we've successfully recovered data for customers from Alaska to Florida.

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