iPhone Data Recovery Services

How Much Does iPhone Data Recovery Cost?

Pricing is a flat rate by model, not a sliding scale. You pay $500 for iPhone 8 and older, and $750 for iPhone X or newer.

We repair the logic board just enough for it to boot, accept your passcode, and copy data directly from the encrypted storage, so no iCloud or iTunes backup is required. If we can't get your data back, you pay no recovery fee. See all service pricing.

We do not offer a board swap, meaning a donor logic-board transplant, at this time. The method we use is board-level microsoldering on your original board: reball and reflow, trace and jumper repair. That keeps the SoC and NAND on the same board they were paired to at the factory, which is what preserves your ability to decrypt the data.

Cases that would need a full board swap are not accepted right now.

Current turnaround is 2-6 weeks. That window reflects the volume of devices in the queue right now, not outsourcing. Every component-level iPhone repair is performed in-house at our Austin lab at 2410 San Antonio Street; nothing is shipped to a third party. Walk in or mail your iPhone in from anywhere in the U.S.

Data Recovery Software Will Not Help a Dead iPhone

The reason is electrical. When Tristar (iPhone 5 through 7) or Hydra (iPhone 8 through 14) fails, the phone never finishes the USB handshake, so the computer never sees a device for software to scan.

A short to ground on the main system power rail has the same effect from the other direction: the PMIC refuses to bring the board up, and nothing boots to be scanned. A drop or a rushed third-party repair can instead fatigue the BGA solder spheres under the CPU or the NAND, severing the bus between the processor and the storage it has to decrypt through.

Software recovery tools like Dr.Fone, UltData, and PhoneRescue only work on a phone that still works. They scan iTunes or iCloud backups, or communicate with a working phone over USB.

If your iPhone is dead or won't turn on, no software on earth can reach the data.

Save your money. If your phone won't turn on, no download will fix that.

Board-Level Micro-Soldering for iPhone Data Recovery

The SoC and NAND form a cryptographic pairing at the factory; separate them by moving the NAND to a different board and the data cannot be decrypted. Chip-off extraction yields only ciphertext. What we do on A7 and later iPhones is microsolder the original logic board back to a bootable state, enter the passcode, and copy files from the live device.

We repair the original logic board and leave the SoC and NAND on it, still paired. The NAND is paired to the SoC at the factory, and that pairing has to stay intact for the data to decrypt.

iPhone data recovery is different from hard drive or SSD recovery. The NAND storage is paired at the factory to the System-on-Chip (SoC) containing the Secure Enclave.

The Secure Enclave inside the SoC holds the hardware key that decrypts the NAND.

Separate the NAND from its paired SoC, by moving it to a different board, and the data cannot be decrypted.

This is why "chip-off" does not work on modern iPhones. A competitor can desolder the NAND and read its raw contents, but every byte is AES encrypted. Without the paired SoC and its Secure Enclave, that data is indistinguishable from random noise.

Our plan is to micro-solder the original logic board back to a bootable state, enter the passcode, and copy files from the live device.

Catastrophic Damage: What We Do Not Accept

When the original logic board is physically snapped, burned, or corroded beyond trace-level repair, standard micro-soldering cannot restore it. We do not offer a donor-board transplant at this time, so a case that would need one is not accepted right now.

Everything we do accept is repaired on the original board: reball and reflow, trace and jumper repair under the microscope. That keeps the SoC and NAND on the board they were paired to at the factory, which is what preserves your ability to decrypt the data.

Hydra and Tristar: The USB Controller ICs

When an iPhone charges but is not recognized by iTunes, Finder, or any data recovery software, the fault is often Tristar or Hydra on the logic board. On iPhone 5 through 7, that's Tristar.

On iPhone 8 through 14, it's the Hydra IC. A power surge from a damaged cable or third-party charger can destroy the IC.

A power surge severs the data handshake between the phone and the computer.

The phone still draws current (it appears to charge), but no USB data passes through. Replacing the Hydra or Tristar IC via micro-soldering restores the data line and allows normal file access.

A-Series SoC Generations and Recovery Complexity

The A16 Bionic (iPhone 14 Pro) uses a Lightning-based USB 2.0 data path routed through the Hydra IC. The A17 Pro (iPhone 15 Pro) integrates a USB 3.2 Gen 2 controller capable of 10 Gbps directly into the SoC.

The core requirement remains identical across all generations: the SoC and its Secure Enclave must be functional to decrypt the NAND. If the SoC is physically destroyed, recovery isn't possible, and you pay no recovery fee.

Each generation introduces different board layouts, but the core procedure for data recovery for iPhones remains the same: diagnose the power fault, repair the board with microsoldering, boot the device, and copy files from the running system.

What Should You Know Before Mailing an iPhone In for Data Recovery?

Every fact a first-time caller asks for, in one place: what the service is, where it happens, what it costs, & the single requirement that decides whether your data comes back.

What it is

Board-level microsoldering that repairs a non-booting logic board so the phone powers on and copies your photos, messages, & contacts off the encrypted NAND. It isn't software, and it isn't a hard-drive cleanroom job.

Where the work happens

All microsoldering is done in-house at our Austin, TX lab at 2410 San Antonio Street. Single location, no franchises, no outsourced boards.

How you send it

Nationwide mail-in from all 50 states. Ship the phone in a padded box; you don't need a local shop, because this board-level microsoldering runs on the Hakko FM-2032 irons, FLIR thermal cameras, & Atten 862 station in our lab.

What it costs

A flat rate by model: $500 for iPhone 8 and older, $750 for iPhone X and newer. Evaluation is free, with no diagnostic fee.

If we can't recover it

We tell you what we found on the board first. Then, if no data comes back, you pay no recovery fee.

How long it takes

Current turnaround is 2-6 weeks, set by the volume of devices in the queue right now, not by outsourcing.

The one hard requirement: your passcode

Since the iPhone 5s, the SoC and NAND are cryptographically paired at the factory, so a raw chip-off pulls only encrypted data. We recover by booting the repaired phone and unlocking it, which means we need the device passcode.

Free evaluation, published pricing, and no data, no fee. The mechanism behind each repair is in what iPhone data recovery actually involves.

What Data Can Be Recovered From an iPhone?

We don't pull files out of the NAND in pieces. We repair the board, boot the phone, unlock it with your passcode, and copy the data the same way iTunes or Finder would.

The passcode is the hard requirement. No commercial tool decrypts Secure Enclave file-based encryption without it, so we can only export what the unlocked OS exposes. The mechanism is covered in what iPhone data recovery actually involves.

Camera Roll (Photos & Video)

Photos and videos in the on-device Photos library, captured as HEIF and HEVC or as JPEG and H.264.

iMessage & SMS History

The full message database, including attachments, group threads, and conversations with people who no longer have the phone.

Contacts

The address book stored on the device, including numbers and entries that were never synced to iCloud or a Google account. These copy across with the rest of the user partition once the phone boots.

Notes & Voice Memos

On-device Notes (text, sketches, scanned documents) and Voice Memos audio files. Locked notes still need the iPhone passcode or the separate Notes password that locked them.

App Databases (WhatsApp & Others)

WhatsApp chats come back with the phone because they live in the same encrypted storage the OS mounts at boot. Apps that re-authenticate against a server may ask you to log in again after the data is restored.

We can't promise data that lived only in iCloud and never on the device, and we can't open the phone without the passcode. If we can't boot it, you pay no recovery fee.

What happens to a dead iPhone after it reaches our Austin lab?

We repair the original logic board until the phone boots, enter your passcode, & copy your files off the running phone. It moves through seven stages in this order.

1. Intake. We log the model, the symptoms you saw, and any repair attempts made before it reached us. A prior screen job matters, because a long screw driven into the wrong hole can cut traces on the board underneath.
2. Board inspection. The phone comes apart and the logic board goes under a stereo microscope to look for corrosion, physical damage, and cut traces. A liquid-damaged board isn't powered yet. Its RF shields come off and it goes through the ultrasonic cleaner first, since every power-up on a corroded board can make the damage worse.
3. Bench diagnosis. The board runs from a current-limited DC supply instead of a battery. Diode-mode readings taken pin by pin flag any point that sits near 0.0V, a short to ground, where a healthy junction reads 0.3 to 0.7V. Injecting that rail under a FLIR thermal camera shows which part heats up.
4. Quote before paid work. Evaluation costs nothing. You get a firm quote before any paid work begins, at a flat price set by model: $500 for pre-iPhone X models, $750 for iPhone X and newer. A board that would need a donor-board transplant is declined, because we don't offer that right now. A physically destroyed SoC took its keys with it, so that data is unrecoverable. There's no recovery fee in either case.
5. Repair on the original board. The fix follows what the meter and camera found. A failed Tristar (iPhone 5 through 7) or Hydra (iPhone 8 through 14) gets replaced, a shorted capacitor comes off its power rail, and cut traces are rebuilt with jumper wire. Fractured BGA joints get reflowed or reballed on the Zhuo Mao station. The Atten 862 supplies hot air to lift shields & chips. Fine soldering is done with the Hakko FM-2032.
6. Boot and decrypt in place. The repaired phone powers up on its own board, and your passcode unlocks it so the phone decrypts its own storage. From the iPhone 5s forward, every model with an A7 or later chip pairs its NAND to the SoC and that SoC's Secure Enclave. A chip read on its own gives back ciphertext, so there's no chip-off shortcut. Without the passcode, recovery isn't possible.
7. Copy and return. With the phone running and unlocked, the files copy off over USB. We verify key files, then send the data back on a new drive or on your own media. Current turnaround 2-6 weeks, the same on both tiers.

A shipped iPhone enters this sequence at intake, and every stage after that runs at our Austin, TX lab. Box it using our mail-in packing and shipping steps, and check which model tier applies in the iPhone pricing table before you send it.

Board-Level Failure Modes on iPhone Logic Boards

Common board faults that read to the owner as lost data are Tristar or Hydra failures, PMIC and power-circuit failures, and NAND or CPU solder-joint fatigue after a drop or a bad third-party repair. The sections below walk the ones that reach our bench, including the audio codec on iPhone 7 boards and the baseband subsystem after liquid damage.

Each has its own rework procedure performed on Hakko FM-2032 irons, an Atten 862 hot air station, and a Zhuo Mao BGA rework station at our Austin lab.

Tristar and Hydra

Tristar and Hydra are the chips that let the phone talk to a computer. Which one a board carries depends on its generation. Tristar (CBTL1608 family) carries board reference U2 on the iPhone 5, U1700 on the 6, and U4500 on the 6s.

Hydra ships on iPhone 8 through 14. A damaged Hydra can present as a charging fault, or it can leave charging working normally while the USB data line stays dead.

The reason this matters for data recovery: if a phone charges but isn't detected by iTunes or Finder, the fault is often Tristar or Hydra rather than the NAND.

Audio IC Fault on iPhone 7 and 7 Plus

The iPhone 7 and 7 Plus have a known audio IC fault. The documented fix is to remove the chip and run a jumper to the C12 pad. Reflowing the chip by itself doesn't fix it.

A board replacement destroys the data, because the NAND is paired to the original SoC, not to the board itself.

We remove the audio IC with hot air on the Atten 862 rework station and run a jumper to the C12 pad. Then we clean the pads with flux and braid, reball the package on the stencil, and put the IC back in place. This repair doesn't touch the cryptographic pairing between the SoC and NAND.

Once audio is back online, we boot the phone, enter the passcode, and copy your photos and messages. For a phone that was bootlooping on top of the audio fault, we diagnose the secondary cause on the same visit.

Baseband Reflow on Water-Damaged iPhone X and Newer Boards

Which baseband CPU a board carries depends on the generation and the carrier.

Recovery starts with ultrasonic cleaning to halt active corrosion. We then separate the two sandwich layers on the Zhuo Mao rework station, inspect the baseband underfill for residue, and reflow the baseband CPU back onto clean pads.

A baseband reflow isn't a chip swap; the same silicon goes back onto the original pads once the underfill is cleared and the joints are remade. The radio calibration data sits in a separate baseband EEPROM that the reflow does not touch.

If the baseband CPU itself has died, all we can do is the water-damage data copy. Cellular service doesn't come back in that case.

NAND Reball vs Chip Swap

Starting with the iPhone 5s and its A7 chip, the NAND is cryptographically paired to the SoC and its Secure Enclave at the factory.

A chip-off recovery (pulling the NAND and reading the raw flash on a programmer) cannot work on these devices; the raw bytes read from the NAND are ciphertext with no recoverable plaintext. The NAND has to stay paired with the original SoC for the encryption chain to hold.

The recovery procedure we use is a reball, not a swap. If the NAND package has lifted from the pads after a drop or water damage, we remove it with hot air on the Atten 862, clean the BGA pads on both the chip and the board, reball the same package on a stencil, and reflow it back down.

The original NAND goes back onto the original board; it is never moved to a donor board. That keeps the cryptographic pairing of SoC and NAND intact and lets the phone decrypt user data after boot. Moving the NAND alone to another board, or dropping in a donor NAND, leaves the phone unbootable or unable to decrypt.

We do not offer a donor-board transplant at this time, so a case that would need one is not accepted right now. If the SoC or the NAND is physically destroyed, the data is unrecoverable and you pay no recovery fee.

Current turnaround is 2-6 weeks, set by the volume of devices in the queue right now, not by outsourcing.

How Do We Find Which iPhone Board Fault Is Blocking Your Data?

Before we touch a soldering iron, we read what the board is doing electrically. A dead iPhone still tells you where it failed if you measure it in the right order. Two instruments do most of the work: a current-limited DC power supply that feeds the board in place of the battery, & a multimeter in diode mode that reads the voltage drop on each power rail pin by pin.

A healthy rail reads roughly 0.3 to 0.7V in diode mode. A reading near 0.0V is a short to ground. Pair that with the current the board pulls on the DC supply, & the failure class falls out of the numbers before any part comes off. Here is how the signatures map to the circuit behind them.

The readings are taken in a fixed order so we never pull a good part chasing a bad one.

1. Free evaluation & intake. We inspect the board under a stereo microscope for corrosion, drop fractures, & signs of prior third-party repair before any power is applied.
2. Bench power. We connect the board to a current-limited DC supply in place of the battery & record the resting draw & the draw when a boot is attempted.
3. Short mapping. If a short signature shows, we read each rail in diode mode against known-good values, then use the FLIR thermal camera to find the component heating under injected current.
4. Classification. The current-draw pattern & the diode-mode readings together point to one circuit: the main rail, the PMIC & NAND rail, the SoC joints, or the Tristar or Hydra chip.
5. Rework. We repair the implicated component on the Hakko FM-2032, Atten 862, or Zhuo Mao station, then retest the draw to confirm the signature is gone.
6. Boot & copy. Once the board boots, you enter the passcode & we copy the files off over USB while the phone decrypts in place.
7. Hard stops. If the SoC or Secure Enclave is physically destroyed the keys are gone for good, & if the passcode is unknown the data stays locked. Either way, there's no recovery fee.

Every branch of this path ends at the same wall. The diagnosis only decides which repair brings the board back to a bootable state; none of it reaches inside the encryption. On A7-and-later iPhones, from the iPhone 5s forward, the data stays ciphertext until the original SoC boots & the owner's passcode unwraps the keys.

If the passcode is lost, recovery isn't possible. A passcode lock & an iCloud Activation Lock tied to Find My are two separate things. We don't defeat either one. We repair the hardware so you can unlock your own device.

The measure-then-classify path is the same work whether the board prices at $500 for a pre-iPhone X model or $750 for a Face ID sandwich board, & the evaluation that produces the diagnosis is free.

Why Won't My Computer Recognize My iPhone?

"Not detected" covers two different worlds, & the repair bill depends on which one you're in. A phone that boots iOS normally but won't mount in Finder can have a cable, trust-prompt, or software issue, or a damaged Tristar or Hydra IC.

If your phone charges but never shows up on any computer, the data path on the board has usually failed. Two built-in diagnostic states, Recovery mode & DFU mode, tell you which side of that line your phone sits on before you spend a dollar.

Recovery mode

The phone shows the cable-to-computer screen & Finder detects a device in recovery. The SoC boots & the USB data path works. Choose Update on the computer and it reinstalls iOS and keeps your data. Choose Restore and it erases all of it.

DFU mode (Device Firmware Update)

A black screen the computer still detects at a level below iOS. Reaching DFU proves the SoC & the USB data lines are electrically alive.

A Triage You Can Run Before You Ship Anything

1. Plug into a known-good cable & computer. If it charges but never appears in Finder, the data handshake is broken even though power delivery works.
2. Try Recovery mode. If the phone reaches it & Finder sees it, the board's data path is alive. Choose Update, not Restore, & a software fault may clear up without our help.
3. Try DFU mode. If the phone is detected in DFU, the SoC & the USB data lines are alive.
4. If the phone charges but enters neither mode & no computer ever sees it, the Tristar or Hydra chip or a board trace has usually failed. That's board-level microsoldering, & it's our work.

A phone dead to every computer needs the data line rebuilt on the board, which runs $500 for pre-X models & $750 for iPhone X & newer, performed in-house at our Austin, TX lab. Diagnosis is free, & if we can't recover the data, you pay no recovery fee.

First Aid for a Water-Damaged iPhone

If your phone gets wet, do NOT plug it in or charge it. Power it off immediately and dry the outside. Skip the rice. Every power-on attempt on a water-damaged phone risks shorting corroded circuits, destroying components essential for recovery.

If your phone just got wet, follow these steps in order.

1. 1

   Do NOT plug it in or charge it

   Plugging a wet phone in causes rapid electrolysis that destroys board components and traces. Leave the cable out.

2. 2

   Power off and dry the exterior

   Power it off immediately and dry the outside thoroughly with a towel.

3. 3

   Skip the rice

   Rice does nothing to clean corrosion under BGA chips. It never reaches the damage inside.

4. 4

   Send to a board-level repair lab

   Contact us or ship it today.

What do I do if my iPhone fell in water and still turns on?

Back it up right now, before anything else. A phone that still boots and still takes its passcode decrypts its own files in place, so you can copy everything off for free. The moment the backup finishes, power it off and leave it off. Don't charge it, and don't plug it into a computer to check on it.

That window closes without warning. Once the board stops booting, you can't back it up anymore. Getting the files back then takes board-level microsoldering, done here in Austin under a stereo microscope, and it stops being free.

A phone that survived the dunk today can still die later this week. Liquid wicks under the RF shields and keeps corroding the board long after the outside feels dry. Two board consequences show up repeatedly.

The first is a corrosion short to ground on PP_VCC_MAIN. The second is corrosion on Tristar (iPhone 5 through 7) or Hydra (iPhone 8 through 14).

Cleaning corrosion off a logic board takes an ultrasonic bath and a microscope, not a countertop.

You can check whether liquid got inside on any iPhone that still has a physical SIM tray. Apple puts an externally visible liquid contact indicator on those models. It turns fully red when it contacts water. Some countries and regions get eSIM-only models from the iPhone 14 on, and those have no SIM tray and no externally visible indicator. A white indicator is also weak evidence: it tells you liquid didn't reach that one spot, not that the board is clean.

If it already stopped booting, backing it up isn't an option anymore and the job is board-level work: shields off, ultrasonic clean, find the shorted component, replace it. Read the water damage recovery guide or the liquid damage repair page, then contact us for a free evaluation or ship it to the lab. No data, no fee, and no diagnostic charges either way.

For a detailed explanation of each step, read our full water damage recovery guide.

Compare iPhone Data Recovery Quotes

Rossmann Group publishes iPhone data recovery pricing at $500–$750. A higher quote should come with a clear technical explanation: which board fault was found, whether the phone was inspected under a microscope, and whether the repair happens on the original logic board.

iPhone data recovery is not cleanroom work. It is board-level electronics repair on an encrypted device. Before approving any quote, compare the actual diagnosis, the published price range, and whether you can speak with the person doing the repair.

See our full comparison of alternatives to DriveSavers.

Price is only useful when it is tied to a specific diagnosis. Ask for the failed circuit, the board area inspected, and what work is required before you approve any iPhone recovery quote. Read our detailed breakdown.

iPhones Do Not Need a Cleanroom for Data Recovery

An iPhone keeps its data on a NAND flash chip soldered to the logic board. Getting it back is board-level electronics repair with a microscope, a microsoldering station, and a multimeter. You don't need a cleanroom for any of it.

In the repair, we diagnose shorted power rails, replace corroded capacitors and ICs, and restore power to the encrypted storage subsystem.

The tools are a microscope, a microsoldering station, a DC power supply, and a multimeter.

A cleanroom adds nothing to that work.

How to Choose an iPhone Data Recovery Service

The key question is whether the shop does board-level microsoldering in-house or ships your phone to a third party. Before sending your device anywhere, ask these five questions.

1. Do you do board-level repair in-house?

   If the answer is no, ask which lab receives the phone and who is responsible for the diagnosis.

2. Can I talk to the technician who will work on my phone?

   A useful intake process lets you ask technical questions before you approve board repair.

3. What does your 'free evaluation' actually include?

   A real evaluation means opening the phone and inspecting the board.

4. What is your actual price range for my model?

   If they won't give you a range until they have your phone, that is a red flag. Legitimate shops can give you a ballpark based on model and symptoms.

5. Can I see examples of your work?

   Ask for videos, case studies, or reviews showing actual board-level repair. Transparency is the best trust signal.

Where does an iPhone data recovery service near you actually do the work?

Bench diagnostics on a dead or corroded board

Diagnosis starts on a current-limited DC supply with a multimeter in diode mode, reading voltage drop pin by pin across the board: 0.3 to 0.7V is a normal junction, and a reading near 0.0V is a short to ground. A FLIR thermal camera then shows which component heats when the suspect rail is injected.

Rework runs on a Hakko FM-2032 iron on an FM-203 or FX-951 base for discrete parts, an Atten 862 hot air station for shields and IC removal, & a Zhuo Mao station for BGA reballing, all under a stereo microscope. A corroded board goes through the ultrasonic cleaner before any of that begins.

What a board-level specialist works on that a module-level shop doesn't

Module-level phone repair swaps assemblies such as a screen, a battery, or a charge-port flex. Each one comes off a connector and goes back on a connector, & the work stops at the edge of the logic board.

Board-level data recovery starts where that stops. The faults that strand data are inside the board itself. Sometimes it's Tristar on iPhone 5 through 7 boards, or Hydra on iPhone 8 through 14. Sometimes the PMIC rails never sequence up to the SoC. And a drop or a bad third-party repair can fracture the BGA joints under the NAND or the SoC. Replacing a charge-port flex does nothing for a dead data line when the IC behind that connector is the part that failed.

When you compare iPhone data recovery services, the detail worth pinning down is which building the component-level work happens in and who you can talk to about it.

Your iPhone decrypts its own data on its original board

On A7 and later iPhones, meaning the 5s forward, we microsolder the original logic board back to a bootable state and power the phone up. You enter your passcode, and we copy the files off over USB while the device decrypts in place.

Reading the NAND on its own returns ciphertext, because that NAND is cryptographically paired to its original SoC. There is no chip-off shortcut and no logical donor read.

Decryption needs the original paired silicon and your passcode together. If the SoC is physically destroyed, the keys are gone with it and the data is unrecoverable. We tell you that instead of billing you for an attempt.

Apple security stays intact through all of it. Passcode lock is the encryption gate, and iCloud Activation Lock is a separate ownership lock tied to Find My; the two are different things. Our job is repairing the hardware so that you, the owner, can unlock the device and decrypt your own files.

Walk-in drop-off is what local actually buys you

If you are already in Austin, you can hand the phone across the counter at 2410 San Antonio Street. That is the entire local advantage.

Everyone else ships, and the shipping part is ordinary: pack the iPhone in a padded box, send it, and we evaluate it for free & give you a firm quote before any work starts. For the packing and address specifics, read how mail-in intake works. A shipping label changes nothing about what happens under the microscope.

What does the recovery cost once the phone reaches the bench?

Pricing is flat and model-based, with 2 tiers and no hourly meter. Pre-iPhone X models are $500. iPhone X and newer are $750. Most of those models use the sandwich board design, two PCBs soldered together, which takes longer to open, probe, and put back together. That is the whole range: $500–$750.

Current turnaround 2-6 weeks, and it runs the same on both tiers. No data, no fee. Free evaluation. No diagnostic charges.

Supported iPhone Models

Our Austin lab performs board-level data recovery on iPhone models from the original iPhone through the iPhone 16 series, as listed in the pricing tiers on this page. Pre-X models use a single-layer board and cost $500. Most iPhone X and newer models use a sandwich board, and that tier costs $750.

Every iPhone from the 5s forward uses Secure Enclave encryption; your passcode is required for those recoveries.

Every model listed above from the 5s forward uses Secure Enclave encryption, and the user passcode is required for those recoveries. Pre-X models use a single-layer logic board with simpler power architecture, which is why they cost less. Pricing follows the model tier rather than the board style, so the XR prices at the iPhone X and newer tier despite its single-layer board.

Most iPhone X-era and newer models use Apple's sandwich board design with two PCBs soldered together, adding diagnostic time and repair complexity. The iPhone XR is the exception. It uses a single-layer board. See our full pricing page for details.